Burner-cleaner



E. HEZCTH.

BURNER CLEANER.

APPLICATION FILED IuLY 15.1918. IIENEwED APII. so, |921. 1,399,655.

WITNESS ENOCH RECTOR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR,

YALE & TOWNE MANUFACTURING- COMPANY,

BY Masiva assreniunivrs, To anni on snai/ironia, CONNECTICUT, A

BURNER- CLEANER.

Application led July 15, 1918, Serial No. 244,904. Renewed April 30, 1921.

To all fw limit t may conce/ra Be it known that I, ENoCii Rino'ron, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burner-Cleane1"s, oit which the iollowing,` is a specification. y

The invention relates ingenelal to a combined hydrocarbon fuel preheater and burner and specifically relates to `a selicleaning),- vapor discharging vent and combined cleaner and regulator therefolgtorming a replaceable attachment for a vapor burning?, heater of `,general application.

Primarily the invention relates in its complete physical embodiment to a part of an organization which includes a 'formot heater of the type in which a hydrocarbon fuel, either in liquider gaseous form, is fed to a preheater, there to be subjected to a high heat treati'nent, and from the preheater discharged through vent-s arranged to direct `the flame partially onto the preheater and partially past the preheater to` the part of the organization heated by the device.

The basic object ot the invention 1s to der `simi such a burner with a higher eiiciency and with a more complete combustion oi' the 'luel ejected therefrom `when under both high and low pressures, than is possible with present known similar devices.

ln its refinement of construction, the invention relates toa burner designed to insure at all times a free iloiv of vfuel into the coinlnistion zone of the organization. In some plants, such as ,steam generators, laboratory heat apparatus and the like, it is necessary to use a type of heater Which Will give a deinite supply of heat per unit of time.Y and which will maintain this deiin'ite supply constant over a long period ot time when in active operation under high pres`- sure and which will be capable of supplying a pilot light vvhen under relatively loiv` pres` sure. One means for insuring-` thls constancy` oit heat supply under high pressure to utilize a form of hydro-carbon burner in Which the fuel is projected forcefully throughv one or more tine, small-diametered Ii'uel discharging vents. In ,the active operation et such burners,nthe small vents] quickly become clogged With deposits of carbon which soon interfere with the rate` of diset f eigenvalue yay the amorti y vente',

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. (i, 1921.

Serial No. 465,925.

move the same through the small diamo! tered vents Without materially influencing the prefixed rate of How through the vent. `Incidental to this object it is a further de sideratum to provide a form of vent which will featurethe' air entraining advantages characterizing,` smalhdiametered vents and which` Will at all times have the same dischargingcapacity under like pressure conditions irrespective of the presence ot the cleaning device.

Broadly, this object is attained by providing the vent in the form of a relatively long' and small-diametered Venturi tube and ai'- ranginp; withinthis tube a pendulum-like cleanerytree at all times to Wabble in `the tube, and oil? such light Weight that it is .raisedI by the relatively high pressures ot' t'uel passing` through the tube so as to impose thereon longitudinal reciprocatory movement supplemental to the lateral Wabbling movement.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a device ot the class described, the detachable parts of which may be readily inspected, cleaned and replaced.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious from an inspection of the accompanyingdrawings and in part will be more fully set forth the followingparticular description of one form ot mechanism embodying` .my invention. and the invention also consists in ceron the line 2-2 of Fig, l with the cleaner in its lowered position;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken 'axially rthrough the insert. plug* detached from? the btu".L o,

slivne ,the positive of the cleaner therein when raised into lioating position by the normal working fuel pressure; and

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4 4 ot Fig. 1.

In the drawings there is shown a heater comprising in general a heating compartment for preheating the fuel before it is led to the burner and a burner for supplying heatto the preheater and for supplying` heat to the other portions of the complete organization not illustrated.

The preheater includes an upstanding cylindrical drum 1() entirely opened at the bottom to provide an air inlet 11 for permitting a rfree flow of air tov the combustion j chamber 12 of the burner inclosed by the drum 10. The drum is formed of `a double walled shell 13 with the walls positioned lrelatively close together to form a -tuel chamber 14 or" relatively small capacity but the inner wall 15 outlining the chamber 12 is of relatively large heat receiving area. A multiple jet burnerl is centered within the lower part of .the chamber 12 adjacent the inlet 11 and positioned to direct llames upwardly and outwardly onto ythe wall 15. A T-shaped conduit'l? is positioned within the outline of the cylinder for supplying the burner with gaseous fuel heated in its passage through the fuel chamber The conduit includes a centrally disposed depending fuel conducting pipe 18 constituting` the stem of the T-shaped conduitand Vdisposed concentrically of the axis of the wallrl. The head portions 19 oi the T-shaped conduit extend diametrically from the upper end of the pipe 18 and are opened at their` outer ends to the upper portion of the interior of the chamber 14, as shown in Fig. 2.

The upper end of the drum 10 on opposite sides of the head portions 19 provides discharge openings 20. These openings collectively have an area (shown in Fig. 1) substantially equal to the interiorcross-section of the drum 10 within the. wall 15 thereby to permit a free discharge of the heat and products of combustion from the combustion zone. The burner illustrated is shown to be of the two-jet type designed to discharge two streams of Jfuel into the combustion zone. The burner Vis formed of a block 21 preferably of high grade steel drilled inwardly from opposite sides to forni a V-shaped gas chamber 22 anda centrally positioned bore 23 opening through the top of the block into'the chamber 22. kThe upper end of the bore 23 is counter-drilled and screw-threaded so as'todemountably fit the lower end of the pipe 18 which is threaded externally.V The block is drilled in forming the V-shaped gas chamber so' that theJ outlet bores 24 are disposed at an angle of approximately 30o to the vertical. This angle appears to give the proper slippage to the gas and is regarded as a critical angle in determining the proper directional discharge of the gases. rhe bores 24 are so disposed with reference to the shell 13 that the fuel streams projected from the burner are directed upwardly and outwardly onto the inner wall 15 and against that portion of the wall just below the connection of the head portions therewith. This causes an intense heating` of the fuel just before it is passed down the pipe 18 to the burner.

As each ot these bores and the plugs 2; mounted therein are similar in construction, a detail description of either one will be sufficient for the other. The plug is boltshaped and is provided with a barrel portion 26 threaded into the bore 24 and a head 27 constituting a means for rotating the plug and adapted to engage the adjacent side of the block 21. The plug is drilled axially therethrough to provide a cylindrical socket, the outer end of which is counterdrilled to provide a trusto-conical scat 28 in the head of the plug.

A Venturi tube 29 constitutes a removable insert itted in the cylindrical portion ot the socket and including an enlarged head 3u at one end. The head is [itted to said conical seat 28 and constitutes a flame forming tip.

The tube is provided with a passageway 31 of relatively small diameter constricted adjacent its outer end to :forni a 'hiel lischarging vent 82. From the vent the passageway is enlarged in both directions in order to form the vent as the constricted portion of' a Venturi tubo pass geway. Due to the high temperatured conditions generated by a device of this character. it .necessary that the inserted Venturi tubo ha formed of' lava or other noncarbouizing suhstance.

Each of the plugs is provided with a cleaner 33 which includes thin wire 34, preferably a nicrome wire. with the upper end drawn out to a line point BIS and designed to be reciprocated back and forth in the vent to clear the same of any carbon deposits accumulated therein. yl`hc lower end, of the cleaner projects into the chamber 22 and is defined by a weighted head ll? presenting a relatively large area exposed to the pressure ot the gases passing through the passageway in the Venturi tube. This.. head `is preferably 'formed separate `lroin the wire so as to facilitate the replacement ol' the wire should it become burned or otherwise damaged. The wire is deniountahlj' held in position in the head by a set screw 37. The cleaner is so arranged that normally the head will fall by gravity to the bottomrwall 38 of the chamber 22, causing the pointed end 35 to fall below the vent 32 or rather to cause the pointed end to fall until but a small length of the pointed end `remains in the vent, thus permitting llO a less restricted passage to the fuel passing thesaine i'romthe positionshown in lfig. 2

into the positionshownK in Mig. to constitute a floating-pendulum.

rlhe device ,thus described is demouiitably positioned on, a support a3 and fastened thereto by a bolt @IA- passed upwardly through the support and into the bloclr 2l.

In operation, fuel, either liquid or gaseous is admitted through the inlet l0` showiiin andlis subjectedto an intense heating i. `while* in the fuel chamber lll. F rom the fuel chamber the gas usually in a highly atten-` uated state is passed through the conduit 17 and into the gas chamber 22. ,i

Let it be assumed, first, that the gaseous vfuel is under relative lovv pressure just stiflitui ` toni cient, for instance, to supply a pilot light flame at the tip end of the Venturi tube. Under this light pressuref condition, the weight of the cleaner will be suilicient to holdtthe saine in the lowered position shown in lfig, 2 aiidagainst the tendency of the flowingl fuel to raise the head 37 off thebot- 38. Due to the weighted endprovided by the head,l the fcleanerwill be held tothe bottom 33 andthe gases passingabout' the light needle-likepartiwill-tend` torock the free upper end back and forth laterally across the length ofthe passageway 31. This wabblinp; action will be insured by the vibration of the enffine or other machine )art b9 forminga part of the completeorganization;

The Airasnormally passes through the Venturi tubeA and has its maximum velocity in the most `constricted portion of the vent,

thus tendine-` to maintain the vent free of small particles of carbon which might othei-` wise tend to collect in the restricted passage. ln the active operation of the device, the relatively higrli pressure` of the fuel acts on the portion of the cleaner positioned in the Venturi ,tube to raise the head olf the bottom 38 and to project the thin pointed end-of the Wire 3l more fully into the vent 32. fit this time the cleaner acts as a pendulum supported adjacent its upper end by the dense rinnv of ,gaseous fuel compressed at the vent by the Venturi tube effect of the passageway 3l.

llfhen in this position the cleaner has freedom of motion in all directions; it will reciprocate baclr and forth longitudinally due to small variations in the gras pressure; it will wabble laterally due to unbalanced pressure conditions and due to vibrations of attached parts, and it will also possess a tendency to rotate about its own axis by the action of the `pijas current on the fflat head 37,

As the entire wire wears bright after the burner has been in operation f or a time, it is assumed that the cleaner acts not only to Ve'ect carbon accumulations b iushino' the same out through the vent, but that the wire has a scouring' action on the gas duringthe passage of the gas through the passageway 31 and that the wire breaks up the carbon particles before they are passed out through the" vent.

By means of a device of this character a uniform and constant stream of fuel is discharged from each of the vents, which contributes-to the uniformity of heat given out by the burner. As the discharging vents are promptly and automatically cleared of any accumulated deposit,the device can be operated without any particularattention and `when it is desired to replace or clean the `burner the plugs can be readily unscrewed from the bloclr 211. The removal of these plugs provides ready access` both to the interior of the gas chamber 22 and to the partsof the plugs and cleaner. The burnt `out portions of the cleaner and plugs can readily be replaced and the parts i'emounted in position for continued operation.

l-lavingthus described .my invention, l claim 1 l. A burner including,` a block provided with ef ,gras containing,` chamber having` an oiyaeninglithrough a side thereof,-a metallic plug; Vdemountablypositioned in said opening and provided with afbore extending therethrough, a Venturi tube of a heat re-` sisting substance demountably iitted in said bore and having a conductingP passageway eitendinr;1 aXiallyitherethrough, an outer portion of said passageway beine,` constricted to form a vent of; relatively small clearance designed to act as Venturi tube, a cleaner in the form ofua wire mounted insa-id passageway, free to fall by `uravity into normal 'position substantially clear of the vent, Said `cleanerprovided with an enlarged head at its lower end positioned in said chamber, presenting a relatively large area to the action of the njas flowing' through the passageway and adapted to be raised by the pressure of ras flowing1 through the passageway thereby to move the Wire longitudinally of the same and to reciprocate the upper end thereof in the vent to clear the same of any accuinulated deposits.V

2. A. burner provided with anupwardly inclined, normally open fuel conductingpassageway adapted to have fuel at both a relatively low pressure and a relatively high pressure passed therethrough, a pressure controlled cleaner mounted in said passageway` every point alone the length of said cleaner `when Heating; havingthree degrees of freedom of movement, one of which is longitudinally of the passageway and said cleaner being weighted so as to be floated iso in said passageway by any pressure greater than said relatively low pressure.

3. A' burner provided with a fuel conducting passageway constricted adjacent its outer end to form a Venturi tube effect, a cleaner including a pointed end mounted in said constricted portion, said cleaner being free normally to fall into position to provide a maximum clearance for the fuel through the constricted portion when under relatively low pressure and adapted to be floated by relatively high pressure to bring the portion of greater cross-section of the pointed end into the restricted part and to cause said part to vacillate inthe restricted part.

4. A burner provided with a fuel conducting passageway havin a portion thereof constricted to form a enturi tube effect, a cleaner constituting a floating pendulum, mounted in said passageway and adapted to be raisedand supported in suspended position by the ressure of the fuel passing through said enturi-tube passageway, said cleaner capable of having reciprocatory as well as pendulous vmovement under the action of the fuel passing through the passagewa Y 53.Y A burner subject toY vibratory movement and having a fuel conducting passageway therein, a floating cleaner mounted in said passageway free tomove longitudinally therein, means belowfthe cleaner for sup` porting the same in normal position, said cleaner in all positions adapted to be' acted Y' upon by the Vibration of the burner to cause thecleaner to vacillate transversely of the passageway. c Y

6. burner provided with an upwardly inclined fuel-conducting-passageway, a fioat- 'ing member having its upper end mounted in said passageway for free reciprocatory movement longitudinally thereof to constitute a cleaner, said cleaner having a crosssection yless than the cross-section of the passageway whereby the cleaner is capable of moving laterally of thepassageway, as well `as longitudinally thereof and Said member having a mass so balanced relative to the pressure of the fuel that a relatively low pressure is insuflicient to lift the cleaner and a relatively high pressure is sufficient to float the same in said passagewa 7. In a burner, a gas cliamber provided with a gas discharging vent in the form of a Venturi tube, a freely floating cleaner including a wire provided with a pointed end free'to fall by gravity through said vent and adapted to be moved longitudinally by the pressure on the gas passing through the vent into the vent to clear the same of any carbon deposits collected therein.

S. In a device of the class described, the combination with a normally open tube adapted to conduct a gas, and pressure controlled means free to float in said tube physically disconnected therefrom and; adapted to clear the same of accumulations, said tube being free to conduct the gas therethrough in all positions of the pressure controlled means. y

9. A hydrocarbon conduit provided with a discharge vent of relatively small diameter designed to have a free flow of gas therethrough and means free to move in all directions with a universal articulation and controlled by the gas moving through said vent for acting upon any accumulation of carbon collecting in said vent to work the same through the small diametered vent.

10. A hydrocarbon burner provided with a discharge vent designed to have a free flow of gas therethrough during the active operation of the burner, a carbon grinder provided with means capable of movement both longitudinally of the gas flow and transverse thereto and actuated by the gases moving through the vent for feeding through the vent any carbon accumulation which may tend to collect in said vent.

Si ned at New York city, in the county of New ork and State of New York, this third day of July, A. D. 1918.

ENOCH RE lTOR. 

